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- 250GB 7200RPM hard drive - 1GB (2x512MB) DDR-2 SDRAM - Intel Core 2 duo Processor E7400 || Use existing (100) || HR department, IT department || 1-7 || - || - || - Gigabit Wired Support WN802T || 1 || Block B || 2 || RM 517 || RM 517 || - Range-up to 1800 feet - Greater interoperability || 60 || Block B || 1 || RM 73 || RM 4380 || - Up to 100Mbps - Maximum run length 100m || 40 || Computer to switch || 1 || 1m = RM 1 || RM 2000 || - Up to 100Mbps - Maximum run length 100m || 4 || Switch to Router || 1 || 1m = RM 1 || RM 80 || - Gigabit Ethernet || 4 || Switch to Server (Data Center) || 1 || 1m = RM 3 || RM 60 || - Gigabit Ethernet || 5 || Switch to Router (Data Center) || 1 || 1m = RM 3 || RM 300 || - Gigabit Ethernet || 1 || Switch to Access Point (Block B) || 1 || 1m = RM 3 || RM 30 || - Gigabit Ethernet || 1 || Switch to Modem (Data Center) || 1 || 1m = RM 3 || RM 15 || - High-speed gigabit Ethernet || 3 || Router to Router (Data Center) || 1 || 1m = RM 3 || RM 45 || - High-speed Gigabit Ethernet || 1 || Switch to Switch (Data Center) || 1 || 1m = RM 3 || RM 15 || - Multiple high bandwidth trunks || 5 || Data Center (4) Block B (1) || 2 || RM 2956 || RM 14780 || - Fast Ethernet Switch - Standalone - Managed 10/100 switch || 2 || IT Department (1) HR Department (1) || 2 || RM 946 || RM 1892 || - Virtual private network (VPN) capabilities - High-speed connectivity || 3 || Data Center || 2 || RM 602 || RM 1806 || - Greater bandwidth - Thinner and lighter - Data transmitted digitally || 1500 || Block A to Block B 2 x 750m (1 + 1 Backup) || 1 || 1m = RM 50 || RM 75000 || - 2.3GHz, 1Ghz HyperTransport - 32GB memory, 4x8GB - 667 Mhz - Quad Ranked DIMMs - Window Server 2008 - 73 GB for primary and 2nd hard drive || 2 || Data Center || 1-7 || RM 29360 || RM 58720 || - Quad Core AMD Opteron 2350 for 1st and 2nd processor - 2.0GHz, 1GHz HyperTransport - 16GB memory, 4x4GB - 667 Mhz - Dual Ranked DIMMs - Window Server 2008 - 36 GB for primary and 2nd hard drive || Use existing (2) ||
 * __NETWORK ARCHITECTURE DIAGRAM__**
 * ** No. ** || ** Item ** || ** Specification ** || ** Quantity ** || ** Location ** || ** Layer ** || ** Unit price ** || ** Extended price ** ||
 * 1. || Personal Computer || - Dell Vostro 220 Mini Tower
 * 2. || Wireless Access Point || - NETGEAR RangeMax Next
 * 3. || Wireless card || - Wireless 802.11g 2.4GHz
 * 4. || UTP || - Cat5 (50 m)
 * || || - Cat5 (20 m)
 * || || - Cat5e Straight-Through Enhanced Network cable (5m)
 * || || - Cat5e Straight-Through Enhanced Network cable (20m)
 * || || - Cat5e Straight-Through Enhanced Network cable (10m)
 * || || - Cat5e Straight-Through Enhanced Network cable (5m)
 * || || - Cat5e Cross-Over Enhanced Network Cable (5 m)
 * || || - Cat5e Cross-Over Enhanced Network Cable (5 m)
 * 5. || Switch || - Cisco SRW2024P 24-port Gigabit Switch
 * || || - Cisco 2950-24
 * 6. || Router || - Cisco RVS4000 4-port Gigabit security router
 * 7. || Fiber optic || - 1M Multimode Duplex 10 Gigabit Fiber
 * 8. || Server || - Quad Core AMD Opteron 2356 for 1st and 2nd processor
 * || || - Backup server

|| 1-7 || - || - ||

Total estimation cost = RM 159640.00 Router A to Switch A: Gig6/0 192.168.8.1 Router A to Switch B: Gig7/0 192.168.7.1 Router A to Router C: Gig8/0 192.168.6.1 Router A to Switch D: Fa5/0 192.168.1.1
 * __ IP ADDRESSING SCHEME __**
 * __Block A__**

Router C to Router A: Gig6/0 192.168.6.2 Router C to Router B: Gig7/0 192.168.4.1 Router C to Switch C: Gig5/0 192.168.7.1 Router C to Switch D: Fa8/0 192.168.1.1 Router C to Switch E: Fa9/0 192.168.2.1

Router B to Switch A: Gig6/0 192.168.8.1 Router B to Router A: Gig9/0 192.168.5.1 Router B to Router C: Gig8/0 192.168.4.2 Router B to Switch E: Fa5/0 192.168.2.1 IP address range Workstation 192.168.2.2 - 192.168.2.21 Subnet mask Workstation 255.255.255.0 Gateway Workstation 192.168.2.1 DNS Server 192.168.7.3 Alternate DNS Server 192.168.7.5 IP address range Workstation 192.168.1.2 - 192.168.1.21 Subnet mask Workstation 255.255.255.0 Gateway Workstation 192.168.1.1 DNS Server 192.168.7.3 Alternate DNS Server 192.168.7.5 IP Web Server A 192.168.7.3 IP Email Server A 192.168.7.4 IP Web Server B 192.168.7.5 IP Email Server B 192.168.7.6 Gateway 192.168.7.1 Subnet mask 255.255.255.0 Router B to Switch F: Gig7/0 192.168.3.1 IP address range Workstation 192.168.3.2 - 192.168.3.63 Subnet mask Workstation 255.255.255.0 Gateway Workstation 192.168.3.1 DNS Server 192.168.7.3 Alternate DNS Server 192.168.7.5
 * Human Resource (Block A) **
 * IT Department (Block A) **
 * Server **
 * __ Block B __**
 * Staff/Users (Block B) **


 * __ DISCUSSION __**

//__ CHOICE OF HARDWARE __// To fulfill the requirement as suggested in the diagram, the appropriate network devices were chosen. In case of all the users access to the Mail Server and Web Server simultaneously, high performance servers were chosen to handle the requests, and high performance routers were chosen to support the heavy traffic of the backbone connections between the routers that connect to the networks.

//__ CABLING __// In order to provide high speed connection from Block A to Block B, a building which contains 60 users that is 700m apart, fiber optic cables are used for its distance advantage over the copper cable. To prevent the bottleneck between the gigabit Ethernet devices, the CAT 5e UTP is selected to support the speed up to 1000Mbps, instead of 100Mbps that is supported by a CAT 5 cable. For the cabling between the workstations and switches, since the devices are operating at speed of 100Mbps, CAT 5 UTP cables are used to connect the workstations to the switches. The CAT 5 UTP cables are also used to connect switches to the Fast Ethernet interfaces of routers.

//__ TOPOLOGY __// To prevent excessive broadcasting within a network that may lead to network congestion and performance degradation, the hosts are segmented to several networks, according to the departments and are interconnected with routers at gigabit Ethernet speed. By using high performance routers with gigabit Ethernet support, the backbone connections between the networks, which are the links that interconnect the routers, will be operating at high speed that may support the heavier traffic of the backbones.

//__ INSTALLATION __// The critical network devices - routers, switches and servers are installed and located in the Data Center, which is located in the IT Department. This allows the staff of IT Department to reach the devices in shortest time in case of any problem occurs. There are all 4 servers, connected to two switches, two servers on each switch. The switches are connected two different routers and are interconnected to allow data update from the primary Web Server and Mail Server to the backup servers. All the connection links within the servers’ network are Gigabit Ethernet so greater performance can be achieved.

//__ ROBUSTNESS __// The servers play an important role in the business running of the company. Hence, it is important to maximize the availability of the servers to allow provide services to the staff. In order to make the server of Company X always available, with maximum uptime, three routers, two switches and 2 backup servers are used in the network design. The three routers provide alternate paths in case of any malfunction of any of the routers, keeping the connections to the servers undisrupted. If one of the switches that connect to the servers goes down, the other one will keep the service going by using the backup servers. Since the backup servers are constant updated with the latest data, the service will continue with minimal impact. To prevent unauthorized physical access to the critical networking devices, the data center is secured with high security protection. This ensures the safety of the devices and keeps them from saboteur.

//__ COST __// To minimize the cost required to set up and maintain the network, the network was designed with minimal redundancy paths to ensure maximum uptime. Only two fiber optical cables are used, which 1 pair of them is the backup link. As shown in the Hardware Specification Table above, the estimated cost for the implementation of the new network is approximately RM 159640.00. The estimated cost for the conduit installation is RM 5000.00. So the total cost for this project is approximately RM 164640.00 //__ LONGEVITY __// To allow future change without major impact to the existing network design, the network was design with growth space for the workstations, which allow the numbers of computers to grow a few times of the current quantities. The sub network addresses for the networks can support up to 254 hosts, which is not yet half utilized by the current quantity of hosts.

//__ PERFORMANCE __// Two network technologies have been combined to apply in this network, which are Gigabit Ethernet Technology and Fast Ethernet Technology. Gigabit Ethernet Technology is also knows as IEEE Standard 802.3z, the latest Ethernet technology. It offers one gigabit per second (1 Gbps) raw bandwidth which is 10 times faster than fast Ethernet and 100 times the speed of regular Ethernet. It is normally applied in most of the composite and backbone flow. In this network, we have decided to apply in the connections that would possibly carry high bandwidth, such as router-to-router connections, router-to-switch connections, switch-to-switch connections and switch-to-server connections. It also applied in connections between two buildings, which 60 workstations are connected to a single switch that is connected to the switch in another building. In this case, a very high bandwidth is needed to achieve the maximum speed performance between buildings. This technology will increase the bandwidths of the composite flows and then enhance its performance. Thus, higher speeds could be achieved. However, Fast Ethernet Technology has lower latency compared to this network technology. There is also some of the individual flows connections are using this technology. For example, switch-to-computer connections and some of the router-to-switch connections, those are believed to carry lower bandwidth. Thus, this network technology has fulfilled what it needs without affect its performance. For the cabling between two buildings, fiber optic cable is used. Fiber optic is ideal for connectivity because it can be extended to greater length than copper before signal attenuation becomes unacceptable and it is more reliable than copper. In this network, 700 meters long fiber needed to connect two buildings. Fiber optic has greater bandwidth, which means that they can carry more data and transmitted digitally rather than analogically. Therefore, 60 workstations in the building can connect to another building simultaneously with high performance. The light signals in fiber optics do not interfere with each other and brought to clearer phone conversations and even TV receptions, which is then support the needs of this network that provide both voice and data services. In addition, fiber optic is flexible and can transmit and receive light. Thus, it has been used in plumbing to inspect sewer lines. According to this, we have found that it is suitable to use under the water as in this network environment without affect its high performance.